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Some industries are inherently Knight or Gardener (though businesses within every industry compete for customers). Knight industries include sales, sports franchises, law, retail, or the stock market—industries with competitive cultures. Gardener industries include research and development, software engineering, pharmaceuticals, forensics, art, architecture, design, or education—industries with problem-solving cultures. As a result, the standards for “heroic” behavior is different in each industry.

Knights who join Gardener industries—or vice-versa—may experience a culture shock, and may be perceived by the industry’s veterans as a new hire that doesn’t “get it.”